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Kinematic Equations

The kinematic equations compose 4 equations that are used to hypothesize unknown information regarding the motion of an object if several variables are known. These equations can be used for any motion possessing either:

  • Constant Velocity (acceleration of 0 m/s/s)
  • Constant Acceleration

Given the above, they can never be used over a time period in which acceleration is changing.

Each kinematic equation is composed of 4 variables. In the event that the values of 3 out of the 4 variables are known, then the value of the 4th can be properly calculated.


The kinematic equations are as follows:

d = vit +

1 2

at2

vf 2 = vi2 + 2ad

vf = vi + at

d =

vi + vf 2

t

d = vit +

1 2

at2

vf 2 = vi2 + 2ad

vf = vi + at

d =

vi + vf 2

t

Where:

  • d = displacement
  • a = acceleration
  • t = time
  • v = velocity
  • i = initial
  • f = final

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